Boiler.



N0 MODEL.

BEST AvAxLABLE COP` R. VIAUD.

BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY-16. 1902.

OQO OO OOO OO @ma o1 o o o o o o o o 9 b o o: o o o o amp o o OOO 00|@ O oo ooo 00.0 0000 a,

PATENTE-1D 00T. 4, 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

. wlTNssgs ihm @ML ATTORNEY-S BEST AVAILABLE COP No. 771,513. PATENTED 001.4, 1904.

R. VIAUD.

BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 1s. 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

NO MODEL.

ATTORNEYS Patented October 4, 1904.

PATENT OEEIce.

RODOLPHE VIAUD, OF CHANTENAY-SUR.LOIRE, FRANCE.

BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 771,513, dated October 4, 1904.

Application filed May 16, 1902.

To all whom, it may concern.'

Be it known thatI, RODOLPHE'VIAUD, mechanician, a citizen of the Republic of France, and a resident of Chantenay-sur-L'oire,France,

have invented Improvements in Boilers, of

which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object a type of boiler which is intendedto combine the qualities of good utilization of the fuel, facility IO of circulation, of feed, maintenance, and of flue-cleaning and the like which a boiler` having a return-iiue possesses, and also the qualities of occupying small space, of lightness, power of being constructed for the highest I5 ordinary pressures, and other properties belonging to water-tube boilers.

l -This improved boiler has fire-tubes and water-tubes. It is constructed in such a way as to give a somewhat large 'proportion between 2O the heating-surface and the grate-surface. The fire-tubes are relativelyT small, while the arrangement of water-tubes insures an active and regular circulation in a well-defined dig' rection, thus producing a very high steaming per unit of heating-surface. These qualities in combination with the reduction in the weight of the boiler'enable a very reduced weight per horse-power to be obtained. On the other hand, the arrangement of the fur- 30 nace, the groups of tubes, and the combustionchamber are favorable for a good utilization of the fuel, and the high pressure for which this boiler may be built allows of 'a very small consumption per horse-power.

My invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a view, partly in longitudinal section and partly in external elevation, ofthe body of a boiler of my systern. Fig. 2 is a view across two of my improved boilers, one quarter being a front elevation, the next quarter a section on line A' B. Fig. 1, the next quarter being a section on C' D', Fig. 1, and the fourth quarter being an end elevation in reverse. Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view on line E' E', Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a part of my boiler, half on line V X and half on line Y Z, Fig. 5. Fig'. 5 is alongitudinal section of suiicient of a boiler to illustrate the stay-rod construction.

Serial No. 107,683. (No model.)

Fig. 6 is a section of a portion of a modified form of my improved boiler on line V X' and Y' Z of Fig. 7. Fig 7 is a View similar to Fig. 5 of the modied form of boiler of Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a sectional detail of stayrod construction., Fig. 9 and 10 are longitudinal and Vertical sections, respectively, of my improved form of stay-rod.

As may be seen in Figs. 1 to 3, the boiler is composed of- First, a principal body forming a waterand steam reservoir composed of two semicylindrical parts A, connected by two flat parts B and containing a group of fire-tubes D. At the rear the body terminates in a cylindrical part a. The group of tubes has approximately the form of a parallelepipedon,which has been adopted in order to allow. of a greater number of tubes being lodged therein, and, further, transverse tie-rods C, which strengthen the fiat side walls, have a form especially favorable to economy of space and weight. These tie-rods will be more particularly hereinafter described with reference to Figs. 9 to 10.V Longitudinal tie-rods C, screwed in the two end plates, connect the front of the principal body of the boiler with the rear face of the boiler. Said tie-rods arranged circumferentially circnmscribe in the two ends two recessed parts, which allows of suflicient space for gaining access to the reservoir. For this. arrangement one of the modifications show in Figs. 4 to 8 may be substituted.

Second, of a group of lire-tubes D, composed of ordinary drawn tubes and'of tie-bar tubes screwed-in the two tube-plates M and m of the'principal reservoir.

Third, of a rear sheet of water contained between two plates E and E and connected with the main body 'of water at its upper end by a cylindrical communication F. The two plates confining this sheet of water are maintained by screwed cross-bolts c. rlhe crossbolts placed between the lower tubes are bored or perforated to allow of the introduction of 95 a jet of steam for cleansing' while at work. v All the other cross-bars may also be hollow, with the object of utilizing these holes, if necessary, for maintaining the masonry along the rear sheet of water, which will protect this T00 2 .971,513 BEST AvAiLAeLE coP- which might be unfavorable to the circulation.

in a suitable direction. A manhole G is placed in the upper part to give access to the steam- .v

reservoir. Another manhole H is arranged toward the center to allo7 of admission to the combustion-chamber. ings I are formed to allow of looking into the combustion chamber during the working. The lower part of the plate E' receives the rear extremities of the water-tubes, and the plate E is perforated with holes for the insertion of these tubes.V In operation they are stopped up by autoclave plugs. An available space K exists in the lower part beneath the last row of tubes for receiving deposits and is easily cleaned. This rear sheet of water is wider than the principal body of the chamber.

Fourth, of a group of water-tubes L, connecting the lower part of the rear sheet of water with the front sheet of water. This group of tubes may have in addition to the slope of the boiler a supplementary slope relatively to this latter, which will be favorable to the evolution of steam-bubbles. I may also arrange the tubes so that theyare nearer Vone another in the rear partv than in the fore part,-

which will tend to cause the gases in the group to repass toward the front. Y

Fifth, a sheet of water having the form comprised between two walls M M communicating with the lower front partof the principal body. The interior plate M receives the water-tubes, and holes are formed in the ex-` ternal plate M' for the insertion and fitting in of these tubes. When at work, they are plugged with hermetically-fitting plugs. The

cross-pieces placed between the water-tubes are perforated to allow of the introduction of a jet of steam for the cleansing of the group of tubes while at work. It must be noted that this cleansing while at work is very efficacious, because the number 'of tubes is not large, and no partition exists capable of forming corners where soot could accumulate, and the latter is therefore carried off by the draft or will fall on the grate. A manhole N is arranged at the junction of this water sheet with the main body, allowing a man to enter the lower part of this body, and a certain number of small tie-.rods O strengthen the front tube-plate in addition to the two groups of tubes. This water sheet is of the same width as the rear water sheet.

Sixth, of a boiler-support forming a furnace and ash-pan. This support consists of a transverse beam P, supporting the front, and another similar beam Q, supporting the rear of the boiler. These two beams are connected by longitudinal beams R, inclosing the ashpans and forming sheet-metal tables S, intended to support the bricks forming the walls of the furnace and the combustion-chamber. The supports for the grates are fixed on the longitudinal beams, and the doors of the fur- Four inspection-opennaccs and ash-pans are cut out in the front transverse beam P.

Seventh, of masonry walls T, resting on the horizontal parts of the ash-pans and forming the walls of the furnaces and the combustionchamber. The arrangement of these walls in conjunction with the peculiar form of the boiler allows of the coupling of two adjacent bodies, which is very advantageous from the point of view of economy of space and weight, said coupling being obtained in the manner shown in Fig. 2 in the following way: The boiler-bodies are assembled on their supports one beside the other, so that there is about .10 of a meter of space between the two adjacent water sheets. The excess in the width of the water sheets over the principal boiler-bodies has the effect of leaving between these bodies a suicient space U to allow of the passage of a man. A double wall V ofV bricks, built on the separating-partition of two adjacent ashpans, separates the furnaces of -two contiguous boilers. It rests on several water-tubes and terminates at the side of the principal bodies, leaving free above it the space U, pre.

viously mentioned. This wall extends in thev y same manner up to the end of the principal bodies, Where it rises between .the boilerf bodies, assuming in plan view the form of a T, separating the two adjacent fire-boxes, and terminates by forming a vault or dome on the communications between the principal body and the water sheet. The external part of this wall is protected bya thin metal plate V, covered with a refractory substance. This coupling of the two boilers utilizes very well the space in a horizontal plane, because the grates, as well as the combustion-chambers,are placed side by side and are only separated by a brick wall, while reserving the necessary space for the inspection of the tie-rods and fastenings of the principal body. Theadvantages lobtained by this kind of coupling are greater when there is a larger number of boilers arranged in a single row. In addition to the hereinbefore-stated advantagesit is also found that the coupling mentioned has the further effect of diminishing the loss of heat by external radiation. Y

In the modification shown in Figs. 4 and 5 the part a, of the principal body is given below a flat form'instead of being completely cylindrical, which form allows of a wider boiler being obtained of a better shape for fixing a larger number of tubes, while preserving the suitable height for the steam-reservoir. The flat bottom is strengthened by tie-rods c, connectcd'with the upper part of the boiler and which may be dismounted, if necessary, for inspection.

In the modification shown in Figs. 6 and 7 and 8 the boiler is still greater in width, and the form of the part a without Hat lateral surfaces allows of the transverse tie-rods being dispensed with in this part, which is suii- 771,513. eEsrAi/AiLABLE coi3` cientlystrengthened bythe tie-rods c, connected with continuous stitfeners c, rivetedv The ends and also the faces' on the casing A. of the steam-reservoir are flat. They are held by tie-rods CZ of the form already described,

which giv'es a larger space for the fiowin the desired direction and allows of the thickness of the plates being slightly diminished. The end and front plates at the places where the tie-rods d enter them are strengthened for very high pressures either by means of a su pplementary plate g', riveted thereon, as shown in Fig. 7, or the said plates are of suiiicient thickness to resist 'the strain and are diminished at the places where they are riveted to the other plates, as shown in Fig. 8.

Figs. 9 and lO 'represent the special tie-rod, to which allusion has been hereinbefore made. This kind of tie-rod is of a diameter l at its ends larger than is absolutely necessary, which allows of vthe size ofthe nut 2 and also the thickness 3 of the plate held to be diminished.V

-rednced to a minimum. By using this improved kind of tie-rod in place of the ordinary cylindrical one a larger number of tubes may be fitted in a given space, and, further,

. the thickness of the walls of the casing of the tubular group may be diminished for a given offers, as may easily 'be seen, great advantages, more particularly as regards general arrangement and coupling, enabling it to be used more particularly for marine purposes, where the weight and volume play Aa very great part.

This boiler, with a given production of steam in a given time, Vis smaller than any other like apparatus. The arrangement of its parts is such that a certain economy of fuel may be realized. Its combustion is perfect, and the heat is utilized under the best conditions.

It will be seen that in the general arrangement of the boiler endeavors have been made to obtain a great simplicity of construction. It is also well to know that this type of boiler gives entire security, more particularly in case the water-level of the boiler descends below the normal. In such case, in fact, if Fig. l of the drawings be examined and .fr a' be taken as 'indicating the ordinary level of the water it will be seen that the first points uncovered by the liquid are situated in the part which is at the lowest temperature of the heatingsurfaee, and consequently'the least dangerous.

By the construction of depending water I sure a rapid circulation, and at the same time the depending water-space may have an eX- -tensive fire-heating surface, due to the great number of fire-tubes I am enabled to pass through it.

-water drum at the top of the boiler extending the entire length of the boiler, a water-leg at the rear of said drum depending from it, a

water-drum extending from the front of the boiler backward over the fire but not meeting said water-leg, fiat upright plates connecting said drum with the forward end of said steam and water drum, creating thereby a waterspace of substantial volume depending from saidsteam'and water drum, {ire-tubes passing lthrough the depending water-space thus i formed, a water-leg depending from the forward under side of said water-drum and water-tubes between the two said water-legs.

2. A steam-boiler, comprising a steam and water drum at the top of the boiler extending lthe entire length of the boiler, a water-leg at the .rear of said drum depending from it, a water-drum extending from the front of the boiler backward over tlie fire but not meeting said water-leg, Hat upright plates connecting thus formed, a water-leg depending from the"v forward under side of said water-drum and water-tubes between the two said water-legs,

IOO

IIO

said drums and tubes being parallel to one'anf other but all oblique to the horizontal.

3. A steam-boiler, comprising a steam4 an'dV water drum at the top of the boiler extending the entire length of the-boiler, a water-leg' at the rear 'of said drum depending from it,a`

water-drum extending from the front of the boiler backward over the fire but not meeting said water-leg, flat upright plates connecting said wateit-d rum with the forward end of said steam and water drum, creating' thereby a wa-y ter-space of substantial volume depending from said steam and water drum, lire-tubes passing through the depending water-space thus formed, a water-leg depending from the forward under side of said water-drum and I water-tubes between the two said water-legs,

said pair of water-legs being of greater width than the water and steam and water drum, whereby a large fire-space may be obtained a p i 271,513 eEsTAvAxLAeLEcoP and the drums and Vvertical plates left accessible for repairs.

4. A steam-boiler, comprising a steam and thus formed, a water-leg depending from the forward under side oi said water-drum and water-tubes between the two said waterlegs,

and Hat stay-bolts passing from one vertical side of the water-space to the other with their flat surfaces between adjacent lire-tubes.

ln testimony whereofl l have signed my name to this speciiieation 1n the presence of two subseribing witnesses.

RODOLPHE VIAUD.

Witnesses:

EDWARD P, MACLEAN, ALPHONSE MJEAN. 

